HỔ TRỢ KIẾN THỨC LỚP 9

HỔ TRỢ KIẾN THỨC LỚP 9

PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF REASON

Loại cụm từ hoặc mệnh đề này thường dùng để chỉ nguyên nhân của sự việc diễn ra trong mệnh đề chính.

A. FORM:

1. PHRASES OF REASON

Ex: Jane couldn’t come because of the heavy rain.

     Sue was absent because of her illness.

noun because of +      noun phrase                             V-ing phrase

 

2. CLAUSES OF REASON

Ex: Jane couldn’t come because the rain was heavy.

     Sue was absent because she was ill.

Because / As / Since + S + V

 

B. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION:

1. because ↔ so

Ex: We went without him because he was so late.

     → He was so late, so we went without him.

 

2. Question with WHY:

Ex: She went home late last night because she had to finish her job.

     → Why did she come home late last night

 

3. because ↔ because of

Để chuyển đổi một mệnh đề sang cụm từ chỉ lý do, ta có nhiều cách tùy theo cấu trúc câu cho sẵn.

	Clauses	Phrases
1	Noun + BE + adj Ex: She couldn’t come because the weather was awful.	(a/an/the/some) + adj. + noun → She couldn’t come because of the awful weather.
2	S (Pronoun) + BE + adj Ex: She was punished because he was late.	Possessive adj. + noun → He was punished because of his lateness.
3	S (Pronoun) + V + adv. Ex: She couldn’t come because it rained heavily.	(a/an/the/some) + adj. + noun → She couldn’t come because of the heavy rain.
4	S (Clause 1) = S (Clause 2) Ex: She couldn’t come because she was sick.	V-ing phrase → She couldn’t come because of being sick.

 

EXERCISES:

 

1. Supply because or because of:

1. It was difficult to deliver the letter ___ the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope.

2. We decided to leave early ____________ the party was boring.

3. Rescue attempts were temporarily halted ____________ the bad weather.

4. Paul may not go to the football game ____________ his grades.

5. They visited their friends often ___________ they enjoyed their company.

2. Combine these pairs of sentences into one, using “Because”, “Since” or “As”:

1. She saw the wanted man in a small coffee shop. She phoned the police.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

2. The teacher is sick. We’ll have no class tomorrow.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

3. She walked slowly. Her leg was injured.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

4. Mary looks happy. She had just got good marks.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

5. He came to the office ten minutes late. He missed the first train.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

6. She coughed and sneezed. The doctor said she had to stay out of crowd.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

7. It got dark. I couldn’t read the letter.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

8. I didn’t come in time. There was a traffic jam.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

9. He stayed at home yesterday. His mother was sick.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

10. We didn’t want to go out. It rained heavily.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

3. Rewrite these sentences, using because:

1. It’s raining, so we stay at home.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

2. Most people hear jogging is a good exercise, so they begin to jog.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

3. A computer can be used for various purposes, so it becomes popular nowadays.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

4. The climate in the country is healthy, so people like to live there.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

5. Tomorrow is a public holiday, so all the shops will be shut.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

4. Make questions with WHY:

1. I left school because of my hard life at that time.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

2. The train was late because the fog was thick.

 

1. The train was late because the fog was thick.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

2. They will leave early because the distance is very long.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

3. She likes him because he is kind.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

4. The students understood that mathematic problem very well because he explained it clearly.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

5. Change clauses of reason into phrases:

1. Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because she was sick.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

2. She went to bed early because she felt tired.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

3. Ann didn’t go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodically.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

5. Margaret stayed home because her mother was sick.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

6. I like him because his father is kind to me.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

7. I can’t eat these fruits because they are green.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

8. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

9. I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark.

→ ____________________________________________________________________

10. He came late because it rained heavily.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

11. I can’t study because it was noisy.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

12. The train came late because it was foggy.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

13. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

14. The train was late because the fog was thick.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

15. We stopped our car because the traffic lights turned red.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

16. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

17. Rice plants grow well because the climate is warm and damp.

→ ___________________________________________________

 

→ ___________________________________________________________________

1. He couldn’t drive fast because the street was crowded and narrow.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

2. I can’t sleep because the weather is hot.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

3. He left school because his life was hard.

→ ___________________________________________________________________

 

ANSWERS:

1. Supply because or because of:

1. because

2. because

3. because of

4. because of

5. because

2. Combine these pairs of sentences into one, using “Because”, “Since” or “As”:

1. Because she saw the wanted man in a small coffee shop, she phoned the police.

2. Because the teacher is sick, we’ll have no class tomorrow.

3. She walked slowly because her leg was injured.

4. Mary looks happy because she had just got good marks.

5. He came to the office ten minutes late because he missed the first train.

6. Because she coughed and sneezed, the doctor said she had to stay out of crowd.

7. Because it got dark, I couldn’t read the letter.

8. I didn’t come in time because there was a traffic jam.

9. He stayed at home yesterday because his mother was sick.

10. We didn’t want to go out because it rained heavily.

3. Rewrite these sentences, using because:

1. Because it’s raining, we stay at home.

2. Because most people hear jogging is a good exercise, they begin to jog.

3. Because a computer can be used for various purposes, it becomes popular nowadays.

4. Because the climate in the country is healthy, people like to live there.

5. Because tomorrow is a public holiday, all the shops will be shut.

4. Make questions with WHY:

1. Why did you I leave school?

2. Why was the train late?

3. Why will they leave early?

4. Why does she like him?

5. Why did the students understand that mathematic problem very well?

5. Change clauses of reason into phrases:

1. Mary didn’t go to school yesterday because of her sickness.

2. She went to bed early because of feeling tired.

 

1. Ann didn’t go to the circus with Betty because of having a bad cold.

2. John succeeded in his exam because of working hard and methodically.

3. Margaret stayed home because of her mother’s sickness.

4. I like him because of his father’s kindness to me.

5. I can’t eat these fruits because of their greenness.

6. I couldn’t do the test because of its difficulty.

7. I couldn’t read the letter because of the dark.

8. He came late because of the heavy rain.

9. I can’t study because of the noise.

10. The train came late because of the fog.

11. All the teachers love him because of his good conduct.

12. The train was late because of the thick fog.

13. We stopped our car because of the red traffic lights.

14. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather.

15. Rice plants grow well because of the warm and damp climate.

16. He couldn’t drive fast because of the crowded and narrow street.

17. I can’t sleep because of the hot weather.

18. He left school because of his hard life.